Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Alleviating Salinity Stress and Improving Physiological Parameters of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): A Review
T Senthilkumar
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India.
S.Jaya Prabhavathi
Regional Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Vridhachalam,606 001, Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu, India.
M.Senthil Kumar
Horticultural Research Station, Yercaud, India.
G. Gayathry
ICAR- TNAU, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Vridhachalam – 606 001, Cuddalore District, India.
S. Ejilane
KVK, Vellore, India.
M. Ramasamy
KVK Vellore, TNAU, India.
K. Dhanalakshmi
HC and RI (W) Trichy, TNAU, India.
K. Chitra
KVK Vellore, TNAU, India.
G. Malathi *
ICAR - KVK, TNAU, Sandhiyur, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Salinity stress poses a significant threat to global wheat production, impacting crop yield and food security. In recent years, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) have gained attention as potential bioinoculants capable of mitigating salinity-induced stress and improving plant physiological parameters. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the role of AMF in alleviating salinity stress and enhancing physiological parameters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Through a systematic analysis of relevant literature, we explore the mechanisms underlying the beneficial interactions between AMF and wheat under saline conditions. Key findings from various studies demonstrate that AMF colonization enhances wheat growth, nutrient uptake, and antioxidant enzyme activities, while reducing the adverse effects of salinity stress. However, challenges such as variability in AMF effectiveness and compatibility with modern agricultural practices persist. Future research directions should focus on refining AMF inoculation techniques and developing strains with enhanced salt tolerance to maximize their potential in sustainable agriculture. Overall, this review underscores the promising role of AMF in revolutionizing wheat cultivation in saline environments, offering insights for enhancing crop productivity and resilience to salinity stress.
Keywords: Salinity, AMF, wheat, antioxidants, proline