Rice Production in Water-Scarce Environments: A Review of Conservation Agriculture Techniques
Krishna *
Department of Agronomy, Collage of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492012, India.
Hemlata Nirala
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Research Station Bemetara, IGKV, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 491335, India.
Shashi Kant Suryavanshi
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Janjgir Champa, Chhattisarh, 495668, India.
Sachin Kumar
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Balod, Chhattisarh, 491771, India.
Harendra Kumar
Department of Agronomy, Collage of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492012, India.
Amar Nath
Department of Agronomy, Collage of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492012, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Rice is a critical crop for global food security, but its production is increasingly threatened by water scarcity. Conservation agriculture (CA) techniques have been identified as a promising approach to address this challenge. This review synthesizes the current state of knowledge on CA techniques for rice production in water-scarce environments, focusing on their effects on soil health, water productivity, and rice yields. We examine the evidence from various studies and identify the constraints and opportunities for adoption among smallholder farmers. Our review highlights the potential of CA techniques to improve rice production in water-scarce environments, but also emphasizes the need for further research and support to address the challenges faced by smallholder farmers. By promoting the adoption of CA techniques, we can enhance the resilience of rice production systems and contribute to global food security.
Keywords: Conservation agriculture, rice production, water scarcity and food security