Effect of Plant Powders and Oils as ITK Approaches against Pulse Beetle Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) in Stored Soybean Seeds
Aryan Raj
College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal-795004, Manipur, India.
Nilima Karam *
College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal-795004, Manipur, India.
Pukhram Bhumita
College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal-795004, Manipur, India.
Ali Assaba Mohammed Shafi
Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour- 813210, Bihar, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: To determine the effect of plant powders and oils as ITK approaches against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) under laboratory conditions.
Study Design: The experiment was conducted by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD)
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, in 2024.
Methodology: Six treatments viz. neem oil, mustard oil, ginger powder, amla fruit powder, wild sage (Lantana camara) powder, wood bark ash was used as seed protectants. Fenvalerate 0.4% DP was used as chemical check insecticide. Stored soybean seeds var. JS 335 that were treated with the various seed protectants were assessed after 90 days of storage under ambient conditions. The experiment was conducted by using CRD and significant differences were observed across treatments in terms of seed weight loss, damage, and germination loss.
Results: Lantana camara powder (5 g/kg) was the most effective seed treatment with 2.56% weight loss, 12.97% seed damage and 11.67% germination loss, followed by ginger rhizome powder with 2.56% weight loss, 12.97% seed damage and 11.67% germination loss. Neem oil and mustard oil, though moderately effective against C. chinensis, caused relatively higher germination loss due to seed coat oil film interference. The application of plant powders and oils particularly Lantana camara powder and ginger rhizome powder significantly reduced insect damage and preserved seed quality.
Conclusion: The results suggest that Lantana camara powder and ginger powder can serve as cost-effective, eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic chemicals for managing Callosobruchus chinensis in stored soybean seeds. The investigation reaffirms that traditional and indigenous pest management practices can be highly effective.
Keywords: Soybean, ITK, Callosobruchus chinensis, lantana camara, ginger powder, neem oil, mustard oil, amla fruit powder, wood bark ash