Association Studies on Grain Yield and Its Determining Characters in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Roshani Singh *
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Sarvendra Kumar
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Vijay Kumar Yadav
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Som Veer Singh
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Lokendra Singh
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
CL Maurya
Department of Seed Science and Technology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Shweta
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Kanhiya Lal
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Shivam Tripathi
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Correlation analysis in wheat helps identify relationships among agronomic, physiological, and yield traits, guiding crop improvement. A major contributing element to crop improvement can be found by evaluating the degree of relationship between variables like plant height, number of tillers, spike length, grain weight, and yield. Understanding these relationships enables plant breeders to optimize trait selection, and enhance wheat productivity under diverse climatic conditions. Grain yield per plant showed strong positive associations with key yield traits such as productive tillers, biological yield, 1000-grain weight, and harvest index, indicating their importance in yield improvement. Negative correlations with maturity traits and plant height suggest that early, compact genotypes are more productive, supporting trait-based selection in wheat breeding.
Keywords: Correlation analysis, crop improvement, genotypic correlation, grain yield, plant breeding, trait association, wheat