Heterosis and Inbreeding Depression for Yield and Quality Traits in Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)
Vishal Yadav *
Department of Vegetable Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India.
Rajiv
Department of Vegetable Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India.
Som Veer Singh
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India.
Vivek Kumar Tripathi
Department of Fruit Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India.
Rajat Singh
Department of Vegetable Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India.
Siddharth Kumar
Department of Vegetable Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India.
Rohit Rawat
Department of Vegetable Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India.
Krishan Kumar
Department of Vegetable Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India.
Rahul Kumar
Department of Vegetable Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A study focusing on heterosis and inbreeding depression was carried out by selection of 10 diverse genetic background parents of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) in a half-diallel fashion to produce 45 F1 crosses. The objective was to evaluate the heterobeltiosis (over better parent) and standard heterosis (over check) and inbreeding depression for traits yield and quality (viz. ascorbic acid content, capsaicin content, capsanthin content and oleoresin content) and to estimate inbreeding depression (F₁ over F₂) for the same traits. Results indicated substantial heterosis for fresh fruit yield, number of fruits per plant-1 and several quality traits. The top performing crosses included Kashi Anmol × Arka Lohit (F₁ 631.95 g/plant, F₂ 588.44 g/plant, heterosis over check 85.8%, ID 6.89%), Kashi Anmol × IC 572478 (F₁ 586.54 g, F₂ 535.04 g, heterosis 72.44%, ID 8.78%) and Arka Lohit × IC 572478 (F₁ 545.57 g, F₂ 554.72 g, heterosis 60.40%; ID -1.68%). Trait-wise heterosis and inbreeding depression varied, indicating in selection of new hybrids for exploitation in yield and quality traits.
Keywords: Chilli, heterosis, inbreeding depression, capsaicin content, ascorbic acid content