A Preliminary Assessment of Parasite Prevalence in Livestock Markets at Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Komandan MANO
*
Université Daniel Ouezzin Coulibaly, Dédougou, Burkina Faso, BP 176 Dédougou, Burkina Faso and Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Sainta Laetitia Ronaldini OUADBA
Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Noellie Winkom KPODA
Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Yamba SINARE
Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso and Ecole Normale Supérieure, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Victor BANCE
Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso and Centre Universitaire de Manga, Université Norbert ZONGO, Koudougou, Burkina Faso.
Arouna KONATE
Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Roger OUEDRAOGO
Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Awa GNEME
Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A preliminary study was conducted from May to August 2022 to characterize gastrointestinal parasites and estimate their prevalence in three livestock markets (Tampouy livestock market, Tanghin livestock market and Ouaga-Inter livestock market) in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. A total of 350 samples consisting of approximately 100 g (each) of fresh fecal or liquid waste were collected using a sterile spatula and examined using direct observation combined with a concentration technique. These included 185 fecal samples from cattle, 146 fecal samples from sheep and 19 liquid waste samples. Statistical analysis, including Fisher exact Test was used to identify associations between parasite prevalence and animals type in on hand and in other hand between prevalence and markets. In total, twelve (12) parasite taxa were identified, including four (4) taxa of Protozoa and eight (8) taxa of Helminths (7 Nematoda and 1 Trematoda). The overall prevalence was 94.86%. Regarding prevalence, no significant differences were observed between animal types or between livestock markets (p > 0.05). Among the collected parasites, Eimeria spp. (91.35%) and Oesophagostomum spp. (15.14%) were most common in cattle, while Haemonchus contortus (89.73%) and Toxocara Vitulorum (76.03%) were predominant in sheep. This study also revealed that polyparasitism infections were common. These findings highlighted the important diversity and high prevalence of parasites in animals from livestock markets, posing potential health risks not only for animals but also to all stakeholders, from primary to secondary actors. Raising awareness and implementing strategic organic waste management measures are recommended to mitigate these risks.
Keywords: Cattle, fecal sample, livestock market, prevalence, sheep, Ouagadougou