Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic and Antipyretic Potential of the Stem Barks Aqueous Extract of Albizia ferruginea (Guill. & Perr.) Benth. (Mimosaceae) in Rats and Mice
M. G. Minoué Kuum
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O.Box 812, Cameroon.
A. Fotio Lambou
Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O.Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
G. Atsang A. Kiki
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O.Box 814, Cameroon.
M. T. Bella Ndzana
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O.Box 812, Cameroon.
B. A. Keugni
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O.Box 812, Cameroon.
B. Moukette Moukette
Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O.Box 1364, Cameroon.
C. Mezui
Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Teachers’ Training College, University of Yaounde I, P.O.Box 047, Cameroon.
P. D. Dzeufiet Djomeni
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O.Box 812, Cameroon.
T. Dimo *
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O.Box 812, Cameroon.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The present research was carried out to investigate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic potential of aqueous extract of Albizia ferruginea stem bark.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Animal Biology and Physiology (Animal Physiology Laboratory), Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I. between March 2012 and June 2016.
Methods: Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyzes were done.The anti-inflammatory effect of the plant extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) was investigated on carrageenan, histamine, serotonin or dextran-induced paw oedema. The analgesic activity was evaluated on acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced nociception, hot plate and tail immersion tests in Swiss albino mice. The antipyretic activity of A. ferruginea extract was assessed on brewer’s yeast induced pyrexia.
Results: Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the AEAF revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoïds, phenols, saponins, tannins, glycosides, tannins and steroids. For quantitative phytochemical analysis, total flavonols represent 0.12±0.04 mg EQT/g dried extract and the total phenol content was 58.69±0.65 mg ECA/g dried extract. The total flavonoids content was 0.18±0.01mg EQT/g dried extract).The total alkaloids presented a grade of 27.45±0.14 mg EBER/g dried extract. Carrageenan, dextran, histamine and serotonin-induced inflammation were significantly inhibited by A. ferruginea’s extract (200 mg/kg), exhibiting 55.47%, 50.26%, 62.88% and 42.59% inhibition, respectively. Acetic acid-induced writhing was significantly reduced by the plant extract. The extract of Albizia ferruginea (200 mg/kg) significantly reduced the second phase of formalin test. The analgesic tests revealed that A. ferruginea had only peripheral analgesic effect. Additionally, the plant’s extract prevented brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia in rats.
Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that A. ferruginea’s aqueous extract has anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and antipyretic properties and this strongly supports the ethnopharmacological uses.
Keywords: Albizia ferruginea, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, ethnopharmacological, phyto-chemical.