Identification of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Mango Anthracnose Disease (MAD) and Integrated Management
B. R. Sayiprathap
*
World Vegetable Center, South Central Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Hyderabad, Patancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 502324, India and Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, South Tripura, Tripura State, 799144, India.
N. Ananda
Mikusu India Pvt. Ltd., Mundargi, Ballari, Karnataka State, 583101, India.
B. Neeraja
Horticulture Research Station, Ambajipeta, East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh State, 533214, India.
H. V. Veerendrakumar
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 502324, India.
D. S. Shailaja
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 502324, India.
G. Nehru
Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Indian Institute of Oilseed Research, Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 500030, India.
M. C. Nagaraju
Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, West Tripura, Tripura State, 799045, India.
N. Sagar
Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Horticultural Experiment Station, Vejalpur, Godhra, Gujarat – 389340, India.
N. Pradeepkumara
Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Regional Station, Dirang, Arunachal Pradesh, 790101, India.
K. Sudarshan Patil
World Vegetable Center, South Central Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Hyderabad, Patancheru, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 502324, India.
I. Gohain
Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, South Tripura, Tripura State, 799144, India.
B. K. Nanda
Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, South Tripura, Tripura State, 799144, India.
B. U. Choudhury
ICAR- Research Complex for NEH Region, Research Centre, Lembuchera, Tripura State, 799210, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: Anthracnose is one of the most devastating diseases of mango, causing yield losses of up to 100% in unmanaged plantations. Its complex etiology and the development of resistance to fungicides have made the disease difficult to manage effectively.
Study Place and Duration: In this study, disease samples collected from nurseries of Kolar region of Karnataka state during rainy season 2024/25. The samples were analyzed for species diversity and evaluated in-vitro against bioagents, botanical extracts, and fungicides.
Results: BLASTn sequence identity of the ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, and ITS2 regions revealed the presence of three species: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (98% similarity), C. asianum (99% similarity), and C. siamense (99.5% similarity) associated with mango anthracnose disease (MAD). On potato dextrose agar medium, the colonies exhibited dense, white to ash-gray, fluffy growth with hyaline conidia measuring 11.50–18.20 × 3.20–5.10 µm. The bioagent Trichoderma viride-1 exhibited greater reduction (69.76%) of mycelial growth of the pathogen. Plant extracts, Pongamia pinnata seed extract (69.47%) and Azadirachta indica seed extracts (69.06%) exhibited strong antifungal activity. There is highly significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed among the tested fungicides. Propineb was the most effective contact fungicide, with a mean inhibition of 52.95 per cent. Among the systemic and combi-product fungicides maximum mean inhibition recorded in tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin (75.97%), followed by tebuconazole (72.08%) and propiconazole (68.81%).
Conclusion: The present study highlights the species diversity underlying with mango anthracnose, emphasizing its complex etiology, and provides critical insights for developing integrated disease management strategies.
Keywords: fungal disease, species diversity, biocontrol, botanicals, fungicides, disease management