Sero-prevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis A Virus Infection among Pregnant Women at the Samandin Medical Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Rouamba Poda Somda Hortense *
Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et d’Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus transmis par les Aliments (LaBESTA), Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie (EDST) / Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 B.P. 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso and Centre Médical Urbain Samandin, Burkina Faso.
Ouoba Jean Bienvenue
Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et d’Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus transmis par les Aliments (LaBESTA), Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie (EDST) / Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 B.P. 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Traoré Kuan Abdoulaye
Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et d’Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus transmis par les Aliments (LaBESTA), Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie (EDST) / Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 B.P. 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Ouoba Bruno Lalidia
Laboratoire National d’Elévage (LNE), Burkina Faso.
Kagambéga Asséta
Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et d’Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus transmis par les Aliments (LaBESTA), Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie (EDST) / Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 B.P. 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Roques Pierre
IDMIT Département / IBFJ, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France and Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), U1184, INSERM, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France and UMR1184, IMVA, Univ Paris-Sud, Saclay, France.
Barro Nicolas
Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et d’Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus transmis par les Aliments (LaBESTA), Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie (EDST) / Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 B.P. 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: This study determined prevalence and possible risk factors associated with HAV infection and compared Immunochromatography (IgG) rapid point of care test with standard ELISA test for diagnosis.
Study Design: Cross sectional epidemiological survey.
Place and duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Samandin Medical Center (Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso), from July 2017 to December 2017.
Methodology: A total of 180 pregnant women were recruited at the Samandin Medical Center. Anti-HAV IgM and IgG detection tests were performed using AccuDiag™ HAV ELISA kit (Calabasas, CA, USA) and SD BIOLINE HAV IgG/IgM Rapid Diagnostic Test (Gyeonggi-do, Korea).
Results: IgG anti-HAV antibodies (AccuDiag Elisa) were found with a prevalence of 88.9% (160/180) and Anti-HAV IgM were 1.1% (2/180). Of the 160 AccuDiag HAV IgG positive samples, 44.4% (80/180) tested positive using SD BIOLINE Diagnostics HAV IgG. Regarding risk factors, 86.9% (86/99) of the IgG positive women were illiterate; 90.7% (39/43) lived mostly in peripheral areas; 89.2% (74/83) were household workers and 88.6% (93/105) used fountain water.
Conclusion: Our results demonstrated poor agreement between the assays tested, which are consistent with previous reports demonstrating significant variability between HAV ELISA and RDT HAV. Moreover, the detection of HAV specific IgM antibodies in two asymptomatic pregnant women signaled the current circulation of HAV in this area.
Keywords: Hepatitis A virus, pregnant women, socio-economic and demographic conditions, Burkina Faso