Effects of Solid and Liquid Jeevamrit on Growth and Yield of Summer Greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) under Natural Farming
Martina Chutia
Department of Agronomy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Anjan K. Sarmah *
Department of Agronomy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Kalyan Pathak
Department of Agronomy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Sontara Kalita
Department of Agronomy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Jogesh Goswami
Department of Agronomy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Rinjumoni Dutta
Department of Agronomy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Gayatri Goswami Kandali
Department of Soil Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Kuldip Medhi
Department of Agrometeorology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat Assam, India.
Dhrubajit Hazarika
Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat Assam, India.
Surajit Kalita
Directorate of Research (Agriculture), Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat Assam, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A two-season field experiment evaluated the individual and combined effects of solid ghanjeevamrit and liquid dravajeevamrit on summer greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) grown within a natural-farming management system at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, India, in 2024 and 2025. A 3 × 4 factorial randomised block design with three replications compared ghanjeevamrit at 0, 1,000 and 1,500 kg ha⁻¹ with dravajeevamrit at 0, 1,000, 1,500 and 2,000 L ha⁻¹. Liquid treatments were applied in two equal splits at 15 and 30 days after sowing. Two-year pooled marginal means showed a seed yield of 673.84 kg ha⁻¹ with 1,500 kg ha⁻¹ ghanjeevamrit, compared with 491.02 kg ha⁻¹ without ghanjeevamrit. Across liquid-treatment levels, 2,000 L ha⁻¹ yielded 705.81 kg ha⁻¹, compared with 432.21 kg ha⁻¹ without dravajeevamrit; the difference between 2,000 and 1,500 L ha⁻¹ was below the reported 5% critical difference. The highest reported treatment-combination means occurred at 1,500 kg ha⁻¹ ghanjeevamrit plus 2,000 L ha⁻¹ dravajeevamrit (773.07 kg ha⁻¹ seed and 2,060.67 kg ha⁻¹ stover), although this combination was statistically at par with several adjacent treatments. Responses in harvest index and relative growth rate were not statistically significant. The findings support site-specific yield responses to the tested formulations within the common natural-farming package, while further evaluation of year-by-treatment variability and nutrient mechanisms is needed.
Keywords: Greengram, Vigna radiata, ghanjeevamrit, dravajeevamrit, factorial field experiment, natural farming