In-vitro Antacid Properties of Cameroonian Clay (MY41g) and its Potential Use in Anti-ulcer Triple Therapy Regimen Formulated with Eremomastax speciosa Extract
Joseph Fleurie Emakoua
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Mesmine Kuissu Teukam Mimosette
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary medicine, University of Buea, P.O.Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
André Perfusion Amang
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O.Box 46, Maroua, Cameroon.
Mbida Désirée Essama
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Otto Gustave Lebeau Ndji
Department of Life Science, Higher Teachers’ Training College, University of Ngaoundere, P.O.Box 652, Bertoua, Cameroon.
Christophe Mezui
Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Teachers’ Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Enow-Orock George Enonchong
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
Paul Vernyuy Tan *
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O.Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The antisecretory, antibacterial on Helicobacter, and antacid properties of Eremomastax speciosa (E. speciosa) and MY41g clay respectively, led us to evaluate the potential use of this clay in the anti-ulcer tri-therapy formulated with Eremomastax speciosa.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Animal Biology & Physiology (Animal Physiology Laboratory), Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, between August 2020 and February 2021.
Materials and Methods: In vitro antacid were evaluated by studying: Fordtran's method, and the influence of temperature on the pH values. In vivo activity was studied on chronic gastric ulcers induced by injection of 0.05 ml of acetic acid (30%) into the stomach wall. Rats were treated daily for 10 days after ulcer induction with a combination of E. speciosa and MY41g (ESMY) ; (ESMY 100+250 and 200+250 mg/kg). The model of "unhealed" gastric ulcers was also used: from day 5 to day 18 of experimentation, rats were given ESMY orally concomitantly with indomethacin (1 mg/kg/day) subcutaneously. Ulcer index, percentage of healing, mucus secretion, gastric acidity, histological, hematological, and oxidative stress parameters were evaluated.
Results: ESMY showed good neutralizing capacity in vitro in Fordtran’s method. Treatment with ESMY accelerated the spontaneous healing of chronic gastric ulcers (93.82-96.14%). However, administration of indomethacin did not induce significant variations in the percentage of healing (90.73-94.60%). For both ulcer models performed, ulcer healing was accompanied by a significant (P = 0.001) increase in mucus mass at 200/250 mg/kg. ESMY increased antioxidant activity, decreased gastric acidity, lipid peroxidation, and maintained hematological balance.
Conclusion: In addition to its buffering properties, the healing mechanism of ESMY includes reduced gastric acidity, enhanced mucus production, re-epithelialization of gastric mucosa, improvement of hematological and antioxidant status. ESMY can be used in traditional medicine, as a therapeutic regimen against gastric ulcers.
Keywords: Eremomastax speciosa, MY41g clay, chronic gastric ulcers, unhealed gastric ulcers