A Review on Propelling Agricultural Practices with Biotechnology into a New Era
Deep Shikha *
Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India.
Kopparthi Amrutha Valli Sindhura
UAS,GKVK, Bangalore, India.
Mausmi Rastogi
Department of Agronomy, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut-25011, Uttar Pradesh, India.
B. Saritha
Department of Botany, Justice Basheer Ahmed Sayeed College (Autonomous ), Teynampet, Chennai, Tamilnadu- 600018, India.
Satya Narayan Satapathy
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Swapnil Srivastava
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, India.
Akshay Kumar Kurdekar
Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The profound impact of biotechnological advancements on Indian agriculture, highlighting the transformative potential of integrating cutting-edge biotechnologies to propel agricultural practices into a new era. It meticulously examines the historical evolution of agricultural biotechnology in India, identifying key technological milestones that have significantly enhanced crop yield, nutrition, and stress resistance. Special emphasis is placed on the revolutionary roles of genetic modification, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, and the application of biopesticides and biofertilizers, showcasing their contribution to sustainable farming practices. The analysis further explores the socio-economic implications of these biotechnological interventions, including their effects on food security, employment opportunities, and rural development, while also addressing public concerns and ethical considerations surrounding genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Challenges and limitations, such as technical hurdles, regulatory frameworks, and public perception, are critically assessed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current landscape. The article concludes with a forward-looking perspective on future advancements, emphasizing the potential of novel technologies like gene drives, synthetic biology, and nanotechnology, along with the integration of big data and artificial intelligence, to further enhance precision agriculture. Collaborative efforts and policy recommendations are proposed to navigate the challenges and harness the opportunities presented by biotechnology for sustainable agricultural advancements. Through this review, the article aims to contribute to the discourse on biotechnology's pivotal role in ensuring food security, adapting to climate change, and fostering sustainable development in India's agricultural sector, thereby supporting the global quest for sustainable food systems.
Keywords: Biotechnology, genetic modification, CRISPR-Cas9, biopesticides, precision agriculture, traditional agricultural practices, livelihood, farming