Antagonistic Activities of Homeopathic Medicines and Bioagents Against Alternaria Solani Causing Early Blight of Tomato
Naimish Kumar
Department of Plant Pathology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, 208002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Samir K. Biswas
Department of Plant Pathology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, 208002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Gajendra Pratap
Department of Plant Pathology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, 208002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Bipin Verma
Department of Plant Pathology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, 208002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Mukesh, Kumar
Department of Plant Pathology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, 208002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Ravi Kumar
Department of Plant Pathology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, 208002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Priya Devi Maurya *
Department of Plant Pathology, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, 250110, Uttar Pradesh, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Alternaria solani(Ellis and Martin) causing early blight of tomato is a destructive disease which causes an economic yield losses ranges from 34-79 per cent. The present study is carried out to assess inhibitory effect of homeopathic medicines and bioagents against Alternaria solani. Among homeopathic medicines, Arnica montana at 0. followed by Sulphur (69.94%) and Silicea terra (66.45%). Among bioagents, maximum inhibition (71.04%) was observed in Trichoderma harzianum followed by Trichoderma viride (68.00%), Pseudomonas fluorescence (64.97%) and Bacillus subtilis (52.18%) in in vitro 20 per cent concentration and was found highly effective and inhibit the growth by 72.21per cent respectively condition.
Keywords: Homeopathic medicines, antifungal activities, plant pathogenic fungi, bioagents