Biochar in Agriculture: Enhancing Crop Productivity and Disease Resistance
C. Shanmugaraj *
ICAR – Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi – 110 012, India.
V. Jaiganesh
TNAU – Citrus Research Station (CRS), Vannikonenthal, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu – 627 951, India.
M.K. Biswas
Palli Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, West Bengal 731 235, India.
H.M. Akshay Kumar
ICAR – Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Assam – 787 035, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Biochar, derived through pyrolysis, presents a promising solution to the challenges faced in sustainable agriculture. This review delves into the diverse advantages of employing biochar to enhance crop yields while promoting environmental responsibility. Its cost-effectiveness and eco-friendly nature not only enrich soil fertility but also contribute to carbon capture, aiding in the fight against climate change. Additionally, while its effectiveness in disease control may vary, biochar shows potential in bolstering crops against environmental pressures. By altering soil characteristics, it encourages the growth of beneficial microbes and improves nutrient availability, ultimately supporting plant vitality. Moreover, integrating biochar into agricultural systems may prompt biochemical and physiological changes that activate plant defences against pathogens. This study thoroughly assesses biochar's impacts on soil health, crop output, and disease prevention, emphasizing its crucial role in advancing sustainable farming practices. Embracing biochar as a strategic resource offers great potential for cultivating resilient and environmentally friendly farming methods, marking a significant step towards sustainable crop disease management.
Keywords: Biochar, disease suppression, soil health, sustainable agriculture, crop yield