Effect of Different Levels of Farmyard Manure (FYM) Integrated with Organic Modules on Yield, Quality and Pest Incidence of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)
Rachamalla Ravi Teja *
Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Mulugu, Telangana, India.
A. Kiran Kumar
Department of Horticulture, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Mulugu, Telangana, India.
T. Suresh Kumar
Department of Horticulture, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Mulugu, Telangana, India.
B. Naveen Kumar
Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Horticultural Polytechnic, Ramagirikhilla, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Mulugu, Telangana, India.
G. Sathish
Department of Agricultural Statistics, PGIHS, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Mulugu, Telangana, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The study was conducted during late Kharif season during 2021-22 and 2022-23 at administrative office (PGIHS), Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Mulugu, Telangana, India. The experiment was laid out in contrast factorial randomized block design (CFRBD) with two factors i.e., factor-1 consists of three levels of FYM and factor-2 consists of three organic modules and separate control (100% RDF) plot was grown and replicated thrice. The pooled results indicated that, control treatment (100 % RDF-100:50:50 kg NPK/ha) reported highest number of fruits per plant (19.05), highest fruit weight (14.72 g), maximum fruit yield per plant (0.28 kg), maximum fruit yield per hectare (9.52 t/ha) over the other treatments. L1M1 (FYM equivalent to 100 % RDN + organic module-1) registered minimum crude fibre content (7.10%), and maximum chlorophyll content in fresh fruit (1.19 mg/100g). While, minimum mean percent of fruit infestation (6.28%) was reported with control (100% RDF-100:50:50kg NPK/ha + emamectin benzoate 5%SG @ 70 g/200 lit) and lowest mean population of jassid per leaf (1.08/leaf), was recorded with control (100 % RDF-100:50:50 kg NPK/ha + imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 100 ml/acre).
Keywords: Okra, organic farming, biological control, biopesticides and FYM